The meaning of place: attachments to Femundsmarka National Park, Norway, among tourists and locals

In Norway, the management of natural and cultural resources is subject to increasing public scrutiny. Con icts are escalating over many issues concerning the balance between preservation and utilisation . Traditionally con icts over issues like growth in commercial nature tourism, predator control, forest policies, protected areas management, cultural heritage protection , and rights associated with common access, have been explained in terms of opposing values, attitudes , and goals between urban and rural interests. However, historical differences between the urban and rural in terms of social conditions , employment opportunities , services, cultural norms, and lifestyles are no longer clear-cut or predictable . Nor can differences between urban and rural communities easily explain attitudes or values held in relation to the environment. To examine how a local community and a population of tourists feel about an area we examine data from two separate surveys from the Femundsmarka–Røros region in Southern Norway. This region includes a wilderness-type national park and a historic mining town recognised as a World Heritage Site and including a diverse agricultural landscape. We compare the perspective of the community with that of tourists regarding the strength and nature of attachment to place, and reasons and priorities for resource protection. We also assess how residence and experience of using the area affect attachment to place and attitudes to management priorities. The results have implication s both for the management of this particular area, and for how we approach attitude diversity in resource management.